Coral reefs are the most diverse communities on the planet. These are one of the most ancient and dynamic ecosystems. The coral reefs not only provide a myriad of marine life but also play a key role in protecting the coastline from erosion. They play an essential role in sustaining life in the sea and serve as a source of food and protection for human communities. But coral reefs face an uncertain future. As a result of growing human and environmental assaults, reefs are among the most threatened ecosystems on earth. Ecological research provides information fundamental to understanding and combating this trend.