The present paper deals with the analysis of Interleukin-1β (IL-1β) association between pneumonic patients and control in Rewa region. Interleukin-1α (IL-1α) and IL-1β are potent proinflammatory cytokines that are produced by a variety of cells and act on virtually every organ system of the body. This association study was carried out on 240 case and control. 5 ml blood sample of case and control were analyzed by ELISA reader for Interleukin-1β concentration. The statistical analysis of this difference in the average concentration of Interleukurin-1β between both groups were analysed by t-test and the value of T-test was found to be statistically significant at the level of P <0.0001, and t=119.0 with df 998. The value of median was found to be 3.9 pg/ml and 3.7 pg/ml for patient and control group respectively.