Since early 1900, the world have been faced with series of emerging and Re-emerging infectious diseases. The World Health Organization warned that infectious diseases are emerging at a rate that has not been seen before. To date, more than 40 infectious diseases have been discovered both belonging to bacteria and viruses. These agents are now considered as the main microbiological public health threat to an effective health care delivery system. With newer technologies and people traveling more frequently and far greater distances than in the past, the potential for emerging infectious diseases to spread rapidly and cause global epidemics is a major concern. The rapid spread of infectious diseases and their unpredictable consequences, in terms of human lives and economic losses, will require a change in our strategy, both at the clinical and the research level. Ultimately, the world need be ready to fight against infectious diseases affecting a huge number of people in different parts of the world. This new scenario will require rapid, inexpensive diagnostic systems, applicable anywhere in the world and preferably, without the need for specialized personnel. This review focus on bacterial emerging and re-emerging diseases and explore factors involved in their emergence, highlighting the major emerging bacterial pathogens of the last 50 years, Emerging Infections Priority Issues, Factors contributing to the emergence of infectious diseases, Prevention and control of Emerging Infectious Diseases as well as future prospects.