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VOL. 9, ISSUE 1 (2024)
Effect of ethanol leaves extract of Myrianthus arboreus on kidney markers of wistar rats
Authors
D E Peters, W O Owen, U N Ogbonna
Abstract
This study was designed to investigate the effect of ethanolic leaves
extract of Myrianthus arboreus on kidney markers of wistar rats. A total
of 24 albino rats divided into 8 groups of three rats each were orally
administered with DMSO as control and varying doses of 1500mg/KgBw, 1000 mg/KgBw and
500mg/KgBw for 7days and 14days respectively. After 7 and 14 days of
administration rats were sacrificed and blood sample and kidney of the rats
were collected for biochemical analysis, histopathology respectively and
phytochemical screening of the plant. Plasma chloride ion level showed
significant increase (p<0.05) in groups administered 1500mg/kg, 1000mg/kg
and 500mg/kg for 7days and significant decrease (p<0.05) for groups
administered with same doses for 14days when compared to the control value.
Significant decreases (p<0.05) in potassium ion levels for groups treated
with 1000mg/kg and 500mg/kg for 7days when compared to the control value were
observed. Plasma sodium ion level significantly decreased (p<0.05) in groups
administered 1500mg/kg, 1000mg/kg and 500mg/kg for 7days and group treated
1000mg/kg for 14days when compared to the control values. Also observed was
significant increase (p<0.05) in bicarbonate ion level for groups treated
with 1500mg/kg and 500mg/kg for 7days. Plasma urea levels for groups treated
with 500mg/kg for 7days and 1000mg/kg for 14days significantly decreased
(p<0.05) when compared to the control values. The result also revealed a
significant decrease (p<0.05) in the plasma creatinine levels in the groups
treated 1000mg/kg and 500mg/kg for 7days and a significant increase (p<0.05)
in group treated with 1000mg/kg for 14days when compared to the controls. Result
of phytochemical screening revealed the presence of Alkaloids (297.38mg/100g),
Glycosides (20.96mg/100g), Flavonoids (19.63mg/100g), Tannins (16.75mg/100g),
Phenols (1185.04mg/100g), Saponins (52.28mg/100g).The histopathology result
revealed normal renal morphology of kidney tissues in groups 1-5 and group 8,
while group 6 showed renal necrosis and vacoulation of kidney tissues, group 7
showed vacoulation of tissues only. Oral injestion of ethanol leaves
extract of Myrianthus arboreus at doses 1500, 1000 and 500 mg/KgBws for
7days was safe to the nephron of the kidney while same doses for 14days showed
nephrotoxicity.
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Pages:1-5
How to cite this article:
D E Peters, W O Owen, U N Ogbonna "Effect of ethanol leaves extract of <i>Myrianthus arboreus</i> on kidney markers of wistar rats". International Journal of Biology Research, Vol 9, Issue 1, 2024, Pages 1-5
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