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VOL. 11, ISSUE 2 (2026)
Molecular mechanisms of collagen biosynthesis and post-translational modifications in Human tissue: A review
Authors
Dakoju Sarthak Achary
Abstract
Collagen is the most abundant structural
protein in mammals and plays a crucial role in maintaining the integrity and
mechanical properties of connective tissues. Its biosynthesis is a highly
regulated, multi-step process involving gene transcription, translation of
procollagen chains, intracellular folding, and extensive post-translational
modifications. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the molecular
mechanisms underlying collagen biosynthesis, with particular emphasis on
intracellular processing within the endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus.
Key post-translational modifications, including prolyl and lysyl hydroxylation,
glycosylation, and enzymatic cross-linking, are discussed in detail due to
their essential roles in stabilizing the collagen triple helix and regulating
fibril assembly. The enzymatic systems responsible for these modifications,
such as prolyl-4-hydroxylase, lysyl hydroxylase, and lysyl oxidase, are also
examined in the context of their biochemical functions and regulatory
mechanisms. Furthermore, the review highlights the influence of cellular and
environmental factors, including oxygen availability and vitamin C, on collagen
maturation. Finally, the implications of dysregulated collagen biosynthesis in
connective tissue disorders are addressed. A deeper understanding of these
processes provides insights into tissue development, aging, and potential
therapeutic targets.
Pages:50-58
How to cite this article:
Dakoju Sarthak Achary "Molecular mechanisms of collagen biosynthesis and post-translational modifications in Human tissue: A review". International Journal of Biology Research, Vol 11, Issue 2, 2026, Pages 50-58
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